Understand

Science, explained simply.

Explore the issues shaping our ocean, understand the words behind them, and discover how everyday choices can support its protection.

Glossary

A few words to help you understand the ocean and fisheries.

IUU fishing: Fishing that is illegal, unreported, or unregulated under the relevant fisheries framework. These categories address breaches of rules, failures to report required information, and certain activities inconsistent with conservation responsibilities.
Fish stock: A population of a species treated as a unit for scientific assessment and fisheries management. A stock has a geographical range and biological characteristics; one species can have several different stocks.
Bycatch: Animals caught incidentally while a fishery targets other species or sizes. Depending on the fishery and applicable rules, they may be kept or returned to the water. Bycatch can include fish, turtles, seabirds, and marine mammals.
Quota: An allocated share of the catch that is permitted for a stock over a defined period. It may be assigned to a vessel, fisher, community, company, or country, depending on the management system.
Marine protected area (MPA): A defined marine or coastal area managed to conserve its habitats, species, or other natural features. Rules vary between sites and zones: some activities may be allowed, restricted, or prohibited according to the protection objectives.
Biological rest period: A temporary fishing closure for specified species, methods, or areas, often intended to protect breeding or young animals. Its timing and scope depend on biological needs and local rules. It works alongside other fisheries management measures.